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There can be serious health effects from regular consumption of food and water with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, known as PFAS or PFASs. PFAS is present in the wastewater at most municipal wastewater treatment facilities, including in the biosolids (residuals) produced. If the biosolids are land applied the PFAS can enter crops and groundwater. Many states require monitoring for PFAS in biosolids and future regulations with limits are anticipated. This course explains current regulations and summarizes the current techniques for PFAS removal, destruction and stabilization. Example problems and applications are included.
The following topics are covered:
• Biosolids Overview
• Measuring PFAS in Biosolids
• Fate and Transport of PFAS
• Federal and State Regulations
• PFAS Removal and Destruction
• Biosolids Disposal Costs
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